为什么狮子可以群居，而老虎却只能独居？

老虎和狮子是陆地上最大、最凶猛的食肉动物，也是猫科动物中的最强者。它们美丽、优雅的身姿，敏捷、健壮的身体，无不深深地吸引着我们每一个人。

所以我们也经常把老虎和狮子拿出来做对比，想知道它们谁更厉害，从某种程度来说，它们没有可比性，因为它们行为方式、捕猎技巧都不一样，而且生活的环境迥异；

老虎生活在丛林当中，而狮子生活在广阔的非洲草原上，两地相差十万八千里。老虎喜欢独居，捕食的时候善于伪装、伏击，一击致命的能力非常强；

而狮子喜欢群居，它们的潜伏、伪装的能力要逊色于老虎，爆发力也逊色于老虎，个体战斗力与老虎相比略微处于下风，但是狮子耐力要比老虎好，它们更多的是通过团队合作来捕猎。

如果把老虎放在草原上，相信老虎根本没办法捕食，因为它们用来隐藏自己的树木都没有了，以前捕食的所有技巧在草原上根本就用不上，而且草原上的食草动物体型更大、警觉性也很高，所以老虎单独行动很难抓到猎物。

如果把单个狮子放在丛林里，它没有很好的伪装技巧，如果不能在短时间内结束战斗，猎物很可能就会逃跑，毕竟丛林中狭小的空间并不适合长距离、长时间的奔袭，因此狮子也很难在丛林里抓到猎物。所以说这两种顶级的捕食者各有千秋，没有优劣之分。

硬要打一架的话，可能老虎更占优势一点，毕竟老虎个体的战斗力能强一点，而且老虎的体型要比狮子大。但人家狮子是群居动物，老虎总是独来独往，要是它们真的有幸见在野外面了，那狮子可不会跟老虎单挑。

独居的老虎：老虎有着很强的领地意识，并且它们对另外的个体并不友好，它们会标记自己的领地，如果有陌生的老虎闯进来，它们就会发生争斗，驱赶入侵者。

但是独居的老虎并不总是一个人，它们也有在一些特殊的情况会聚集在一起，例如到了交配的季节，雌性老虎就会接纳陌生的雄性进入自己的生活圈。

雄性也欢迎有更多的雌性进入自己的领地，但是对其他闯进来的雄性依然是严厉的驱离。

除了繁殖期，老虎也会出现罕见的“群居”现象，如果老虎的生活圈变小，那么各自的领地就会变得很小，它们的活动就会出现很多的重叠，因此往往我们就会一个地方发现数只老虎。

如果在一个地方出现了大量的猎物，那么这些猎物就会吸引更多的老虎聚集在一个很小的范围内，大量的食物也会促使老虎短暂的聚集在一起。

但是它们之间的关系并不是像狮子那样，组成了一个真正的团体互相配合，而是为了短暂的利益，暂时容忍对方。

独居的老虎相对于群居的狮子来说，它们的幼崽成活率更高，因为独居的老虎可以很好的保护自己的幼崽，基本上在丛林当中没有其他生物敢在老虎地盘上去捕杀它未成年的幼崽。

而狮子就不一样了，群居的狮子中，经常会因为狮王的更替而发生“杀婴”行为，就是新来的狮王会杀死老狮王留下的所有幼崽，因此除了自然灾害以外，幼狮死亡最多的就是被同类杀死。

而老虎独自抚养幼崽，幼崽被其他捕食者以及同类伤害的几率很小。为什么狮子作为猫科动物却选择了群居？而老虎却只能独居呢？说白了就是生活环境的不同造成的，导致了老虎和狮子在生活习性上，以及捕猎习惯上产生了巨大的差异。

狮子生活在一望无际的草原上，那里根本就没有任何东西能给狮子提供很好的隐藏之地，而且草原上的食草动物每个都身经百战，已经进化出了非常强大的躲避捕食者的本领。

我们常常在动物世界中就可以看到，狮子在捕猎的时候也会缓慢地靠近猎物，但是由于伪装不好，即使离得很远都可能引起食草动物得警觉。

而且草原宽阔，可以撒欢得随处开足马力得跑，狮子奔跑速度每小时60公里，这个成绩并不优秀，很多食草动物的速度跟这个相当；

所以在没有足够接近猎物，一击致命的情况下，可以肯定的是，单只狮子在草原上很难抓到猎物。而且单只狮子也很难杀死草原上的某些大型食草动物，例如野牛、斑马、长颈鹿等等，就算抓到它们，也会因为一时间杀不死，而被猎物逃跑。

所以狮子虽然身为猫科动物，但它们为了生存，也放弃了自己孤傲的性格选择了群居，通过团队合作，通过围堵、分散猎物来捕猎，就算这样狮子在草原上的捕猎成功率依然不高，只有20%。

长此以往的群居生活也使得狮子慢慢地跟其他猫科动物在行为上有了很大的差异，狮子个体之间往往会形成非常强烈的情感联系，它们能够建立起亲情和友情，它们原因与其他的个体分享食物；

甚至对陌生的个体也表现得很友好，也能在往后的合作当中建立起友情。

老虎跟狮子完全不一样，由于老虎的生活环境导致了它们根本不需要合作，反而合作会使得它们捕食成功率下降，吃到的食物更少。

老虎生活在茂密的丛林当中，丛林当中的所有植物都可以为老虎提供很好的伪装，例如树木和灌木丛等等，伪装捕猎对老虎相当重要，这就是为何老虎进化出了一身迷彩服。

老虎在捕食的时候，能够潜伏到距离猎物数米的距离，根本不会引起猎物任何察觉，一个猛虎扑食基本上就会将猎物一击致命，并不需要长距离的追赶猎物，再说丛林当中也不具备追赶的条件。

如果老虎群捕猎的话，就会增加暴露的机会，所以群体出动完全没必要。还有就是丛林当中的猎物根本没有草原上的那些猎物体型大，凶猛，一只老虎完全可以解决战斗，两只就会显得多余；

所以说老虎捕食根本不需要其他老虎的帮助，为了吃得多，老虎也不原因与其他老虎分享猎物。

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